Fuel injection systems had started their journey around since the ’50s, which was spread out widely around 80’s ages. Nowadays it is used in modern cars frequently. By providing lower fuel consumption facility, more power, facilitate by enhancing reliability and huge opportunities, modern fuel injection system has possessed a significant position over a traditional carburetor which is unquestionable.
In this article, we are going to discuss how to prime a fuel injected engine for starting its individual vehicles and running the system properly.
About Fuel Injection System
The fuel injection system is such a modern electronic procedure and also one of those inventions that actually raises the only question- “why was it not invented earlier?”
So basically, it is an internal combustion engine that is inserting fuel into the cylinder through a pump instead of making any forces or vacuum-pumping created by the piston’s movement. Fuel injection pumps are often used in spark-ignition engines instead of conventional carburetors.
Gas turbines, liquid-fueled rockets, or engines like these have continuous combustion and also have no pistons for creating pumping space, and a fuel injection system is inevitable here.
How Does a Fuel Injected Engine System Work?
If you want to run your engine by injecting fuel, firstly, you need to ensure the supply of a sufficient amount of fuel or air mixture according to its needs.
Modern fuel injection system atoms the fuels at high pressure before it enters the combustion chamber of each cylinder, then mixing it with clean air and passing through an inlet manifold.
There have remained different types of fuel injection processes such as diesel fuel injection, direct injection, indirect injection, throttle-body injection, multipoint injection, sequential injection, etc. Now, if we notice the basic fuel injection system- it is used for all modern engine-based systems. Let’s see how does it function-
Under this procedure, a special pump sends the fuel by pressurizing the fuel tank to the engine bay, where it is allocated individually to each cylinder again following the pressures. Following this system, the fuel is injected into either the inlet manifold or through an injector in the inlet port and ensuring that fuel comes out properly. As we have mentioned before that the fuel mixes with air, and then the mixture of fuel with air enters into the combustion chamber.
Here one noted point is- the fuel injector uses a special nozzle to spray the fuel where one can change its water flows out of the nozzle. And in this entire process, the key element word and work are “Electronically.”
Functions of a Fuel Injected Engine
- This engine system has a heavy design influenced by its components that delivers fuels to the cylinder.
- A fuel injector of fuel-injected engine enhances its performance, such as its materials are designed in that way thus the entire engine can carry higher stresses for a long duration when the engine works
- Another purpose of this system is here fuel injected on time which refers to the time controlling of the entire injection system.
- Overall the total fuel injector system and injection engine are made of greater manufacturing proficiencies to ensure its working efficiency and avoid any leakage.
Types of System
As we have mentioned that fuel injection system has various types; in this section, we are going to provide a glimpse of those varieties-
Single-Point/ Throttle Body Injection:
The single-point injection system is the simplest and also earliest one that replaced carburetors. Though it is not significant nowadays but compared with the carburetors, this system has better control and provides easier services. It has two injector nozzles in its throttle body.
Port or Multiple Fuel Injection:
This system contains separate injector nozzles for each cylinder at its intake port, and thus it is known as Port or Multiple injectors. Its main facility is its MPFI meters to achieve the desired air-fuel rationally from all aspects.
Sequential Fuel Injection:
Another name is Sequential Port Fuel Injection System or Timed Injection System, which is another type of multiport injection. Under this, fuel is sprayed at the same time or sequentially. Moreover, this system responds more quickly if the driver makes any changes in the engine.
Direct Injection:
A direct injection system is a common system that has a common gasoline engine design. It injects fuel directly into the combustion chambers. Also, it is more precise than other systems by providing engineers precise variables of the influences about how combustion occurs in the cylinder.
Now for all of these injection systems, the fuel-injected engine has used different major parts and particles. These parts are again divided into two sections according to their pressure sides- i) High- pressure side ii) Low- pressure side. Let’s see which side contains which parts-
High-Pressure Side:
- High-pressure pump
- Fuel injector
- Accumulator
- Fuel injector nozzle
Low-Pressure Side:
- Fuel tank
- Fuel filter
- Fuel supply pump
Besides all of these, a few sensor parts are working precisely like the as- Oxygen sensor, Throttle position sensor, mass airflow sensor, manifold absolute pressure sensor, Engine speed sensor, Voltage sensor. They are operating the entire function in any condition.
How to Prime a Fuel Injected Engine
Priming a fuel-injected engine:
This term means spraying gasoline into the induction system to start a piston engine. This is done by taking the help of a primer or a priming pump.
In this article, we are talking about how to prime a fuel injected engine.
Fuel-injected engines basically measure the quantity of fuel spraying into the cylinder during the intake stroke. There will occur poor running speed if the jets of an individual vehicle are clogged.
So all you can do while priming your fuel-injected engine is to cycle the ignition on, then wait for the fuel to reach the pump and the off the ignition key when you can hear the shut-off mode of the fuel pump. Now continue the crank mode for a while.
Usually, priming occurs for a very period of time, and during this period, if the engine has not started working, the fuel pump will turn off. So if there will arise defects, you can check your battery, ignition wiring, air filter/ intakes to ensure that all elements are active.
Advantages and Disadvantages:
In this section, we will get to know about the pros and cons of the fuel-injected engine and its entire system-
Advantages:
- Users get more efficient combustion optimized air-fuel mixture and acceptance of atomization for cleaner
- Have sharper throttle response
- It has a more efficient and powerful fuel injection process than the carbureted system
- In the maximum cases, it has no maintenance expense typically and also does not break down easily.
- The entire fuel injection system is more economical and also minimizes emission levels which is a great consideration for the environment.
- Engine vibration and spark plug fouling issue has been minimized.
Disadvantages:
- Expensive than the carburetors
- If any difficulty arises in the system, that may not repair with small tools. It may need to replace, which is expensive enough. Thus good quality materials are highly recommended.
- There remain very few chances of customization.
Final Words
In this age, fuel-injected engines are highly recommended, especially for automobile sections. This invention is really praiseworthy in order to minimize emissions and maximize fuel efficiencies.
So for getting an efficient engine and effortless functions, check it thoroughly and then just put the right amount of fuel where it is needed, and that is what a fuel-injected engine does.
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Hi, my name is Gabrielle. I have been into Automotive Industry for over 15 years. If you’re anything like me, then building, maintaining and improving your Automotive Industry/Projects is all part of the Automotive experience.
My goal with this blog is to share my experience with and help you discover new and exciting things about Automotive.
